Install Mid-Circuit Interrupters in PV Array

The Tesla Mid-Circuit Interrupter (MCI) is used within PV strings and arrays to meet the Rapid Shutdown requirements of NEC Article 690.12. For information on how the Tesla MCI functions with Powerwall+ as a Photovoltaic Rapid Shutdown System (PVRSS), see Appendix E: Solar Assembly Rapid Shutdown.

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Note
The Tesla MCI is also referred to as the Tesla Solar Shutdown Device.
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Note
There are two models of Tesla MCI, MCI-1 and MCI-2. Both perform the same function, but they have unique specifications (see Specifications) and installation methods (outlined in the following installation instructions).
Figure 1. MCI-1 (left) and MCI-2 (right)

MCI Locations

The quantity and placement of MCIs necessary to meet Rapid Shutdown requirements in NEC Article 690.12 (B) is governed by the UL 3741 (PV Hazard Control System or PVHCS) listing applicable to various array types. Refer to the UL 3741 Application Addendum for a complete list of systems that have been certified to UL 3741 when installed together with Powerwall+ and Tesla MCI. Always refer to the applicable PVHCS datasheets and references included in the addendum for detailed instructions to ensure adequate compliance and safe operation.
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Warning
It is critical that the minimum number of required MCIs is installed; without the appropriate number of MCIs, the MCIs may not function as intended which could lead to equipment damage.
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Note
MCIs are not required if the installation is not required to comply with Rapid Shutdown requirements (NEC 690.12).
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Warning
Where it is allowable to install only (1) MCI per string, MCI-1 must be used.

Installation Best Practices

  • Ensure that Tesla MCIs are not stored prior to installation in environments with moisture or dirt
  • Install the Tesla MCI in line with the PV modules using standard Staubli Type MC4 certified compatible connectors
  • Ensure the MCI is minimum 12.7 mm (½ in) from glass or backside of a PV module
  • For flat plate solar panel installations, ensure the MCIs do not directly contact the roof. For Solar Roof installations, see the Solar Roof Installation Manual for proper mounting guidance
  • For easier servicing of flat plate solar panel installations, install the MCIs on the perimeter of the array if possible
  • Always secure the MCI with appropriate wire management
  • Ensure no more than 5 MCIs are connected per PV string
  • Ensure that total DC circuit length, from + MPPT terminal to - MPPT terminal (including module wire leads, jumper wires and all wiring within the array boundary for any individual string), does not exceed 160 m (525 ft) for single strings or 120 m (394) for paralleled strings
    • Total DC circuit length refers to the entire round trip wire length, from inverter to the roof, then back to the inverter
    • Ensure paralleled strings are the same length, or as close in length as possible (if the paralleled strings are different lengths, it is likely the MCIs will not function properly; this likelihood increases the greater the difference in paralleled string lengths)
  • Keep a completed string diagram indicating the layout of the array and the placement of each MCI (either a paper copy, electronic copy available in the field, or both)

Installing MCIs

  1. Connect the positive and negative leads of the MCI to the corresponding positive / negative MC4 terminals of the PV modules or Solar Roof modules.
    Figure 2. MCIs Installed in Line with PV Modules
  2. For flat plate solar panel installations, attach the MCI under the module frame.
    1. To attach the MCI using ZEP Home Run wire clips, install the (2X) clips to the module frame and clip both ends of the MCI leads, then slot the MCI underneath the metal frame.
      Figure 3. MCI-1 Attached with Wire Clips
      Figure 4. MCI-2 Attached with Wire Clips
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      CAUTION
      Do not twist the MC4 connectors on MCI-2. Twisting the connectors damages the electrical contacts inside, likely resulting in MCI failure.
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      Note
      For MCI-2, place the clips at least 2 inches (51 mm) from the MC4 connector, but no more than 6 inches (152 mm) from the connector.
    2. To bolt the MCI to an existing hole in the frame, align the MCI through hole with the frame and use the appropriate mounting hardware as defined in MCI-1 Mounting Hardware Sizing .
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      Note
      This option is only available for MCI-1.
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      Note
      Follow all module manufacturer’s instructions before mounting the MCI to the module frame. Ensure there is at least ½ in (12.7 mm) between the MCI and the module substrate, and only mount the MCI using existing holes in the module frame.
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      Note
      For rail PV systems, use any of the mounting holes to mount the MCI directly to the rail (see MCI-1 Mounting Hardware Sizing for mounting hardware sizes) or use the manufacturer’s module level power electronic mounting bracket and mount the MCI to the bracket.
  3. For Solar Roof installations, mount the MCIs directly to the roof, above the Tile Footlaps and positioned at a slight angle as pictured below. Use the appropriate mounting hardware as defined in the table below.
    Figure 5. MCI-1 Installed with Solar Roof Tiles (V3 and earlier generations)
    Figure 6. MCI-1 Installed on End of Solar Roof V3R String
    Figure 7. MCI-2 Installed with Solar Roof Tiles
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    Note
    For MCI-2, attach each lead of the MCI to the corresponding Staubli MC4 connector, and place an MC4 cap on each of the remaining MC4 connectors.
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    CAUTION
    Do not twist the MC4 connectors on MCI-2. Twisting the connectors damages the electrical contacts inside, likely resulting in MCI failure.
Table 1. MCI-1 Mounting Hardware Sizing
Through Hole Hardware
A Wood Screw (No. 8)
Screw (up to M4 (5/32"))
B Bolt (up to M8 (5/16"))
C Nail (8D)
Screw (up to M4 (5/32"))